Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes by Unknown

Author:Unknown
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783030404222
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

10.8 Chloramphenicol

Chloramphenicol was isolated from soil organism Streptomyces venezuelae and since 1949 it is in clinical use as a broad-spectrum antibiotic (Ehrlich et al. 1947). It remained and inexpensive drug that is broad spectrum and can target many gram-positive, gram-negative, anaerobic, and atypical organisms but due to aplastic anemia risk this drug is no more drug of choice for any infection (Rich et al. 1950). Chloramphenicol is a protein synthesis inhibitor and binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome (Green et al. 1975). Bioavailability of chloramphenicol is approximately 80% when administered in capsule form and is rapidly absorbed in intestinal tract (Ambrose 1984; Pestka 1971; Smith and Weber 1983).

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